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Research Opportunities

Cenji Yu, PhD, and Xueyan Tang, PhD, analyze images on a computer terminal.

The department is dedicated to the training, development, and mentorship of the next generation of impact researchers in medical physics. Many of our faculty serve in leadership roles on internal, national, and international societies.

Research training is integrated into the three-year program and coordinated with your clinical training. Research projects are directly related to clinical applications of physics in the practice of radiation oncology. During your residency, you will have a primary research project and opportunities to be involved in smaller research projects, all with potential for a publication.

Before you start the residency, you will have an opportunity to review proposed research projects for your primary project. Your areas of expertise and your areas of interest will help identify a good match for a project; we want every resident to be motivated and involved in a research project they are interested in.

All residents are expected to produce publishable work during their residency. A wide variety of support systems for research exist including research coordinators, internal funding opportunities, biostatisticians, editorial services, and media support services.

In addition, Mayo Clinic provides trip days and expense reimbursement for presentations and abstracts accepted at regional, national, and international meetings.

See a selection of presentations and publications from research involving current and past residents.

Presentations 2025

  • R.C. Edmondson, S. Shiraishi, D.J. Moseley, and J. Kavanaugh. External Beam Treatment Delivery Efficiency Assessment via Trajectory Log Analysis. ASTRO's 67th Annual Meeting; (Ruiming Edmondson, Class of 2027)
  • Ruiming Edmondson, Darwin Garcia, James Kavanaugh, John Lucido. LD-V1 Film Characterization for MV Beam Quality. AAPM 67th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. (Ruiming Edmondson, Class of 2027)
  • Darwin Garcia, Chrystian Quintero Mateus, Maryam Mashayekhi, Doug Moseley, Scott Lester, Robert Mutter, Sean Park, Michael Grams. Evaluation of film and 3D printed patient-specific phantom for minibeam radiation therapy (MBRT) dosimetry. AAPM 67th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. (Darwin Garcia, Class of 2027)
  • D. Griner, K. Kolsky, J. Lucido, A. Veres. Multi-Criteria Optimization in Medical Physics Resource Allocation: Design of an Efficient and Equitable Scheduling System. AAPM 67th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. (Dalton Griner, Class of 2026)
  • Hara D, Ma J, Corner S, Pepin M, Remmes N, Mutter R, Tseung H. Proton Minibeam radiotherapy: commissioning, treatment planning and delivery. AAPM 67th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. (Daiki Hara, Class of 2027)
  • Transformer-based Proton Dose Prediction with and without Diffusion Process. AAPM 67th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. (Brandon Reber, Class of 2027)
  • Quantitative Image Review Metric for Vertebral Body Misalignment. AAPM 67th Annual Meeting & Exhibition. (Brandon Reber, Class of 2026)
  • Dose comparison of definitive radiotherapy between modalities for head and neck cancer -- a single institution\'s experience. ESTRO 2025. (Brandon Reber, Class of 2027)
  • Assessing the accuracy of EBT4 and EBT-XD films for in-vivo minibeam radiotherapy (MBRT) dosimetry. ESTRO 2025. (Darwin Garcia, Class of 2027)
  • End-to-End Measurement of Cardiac-Gated Proton Beam Latencies. PTCOG 2025. (Zach Stottler, Class of 2025)

Presentations 2021 - 2024

  • End-to-End Measurement of Gated Proton Beam Delivery Latencies with EBT4 Film. 2024 PTCPG-NA Annual Meeting (Zach Stottler, Class of 2025)
  • Development of Stacked Proton Minibeam Collimator for Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Facility. 2024 PTCPG-NA Annual Meeting (Daiki Hara, Class of 2026)
  • Transformer-based dose calculation with projected proton spot map and generalization with transfer learning. 2024 PTCPG-NA Annual Meeting (Xueyan Tang, Class of 2025)
  • Evaluating Diagnostic CTs for Radiation Therapy Planning: Rigid Rotation Analysis in Palliative Care. 2024 AAPM Annual Meeting. (Dalton Griner, Class of 2026)
  • Streamlining CTV Creation: Automated Segmentation of Vertebral Sectors According to Consensus Guidelines, 2024 AAPM Annual Meeting. (Dalton Griner, Class of 2026)
  • Optimization of Diverging Hole Collimator for Pencil Beam Scanning Proton, 2024 AAPM Annual Meeting. (Daiki Hara, Class of 2026)
  • Experimental Validation of an MC-Based Dynamic 4D Dose Calculator for Scanned Proton Beams, 2024 AAPM Annual Meeting. (Zach Stottler, Class of 2025)
  • Proton Dose Calculation With Transformer: Transforming Spot Map To Dose, 2024 AAPM Annual Meeting. (Xueyan Tang, Class of 2025)
  • Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy for Pregnant Patients with Brain and Head and Neck Tumors (Educational Session), AAMD 49th Annual Meeting. (Justine Dupere, Class of 2024)
  • Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy for Pregnant Patients with Brain and Head and Neck Tumors, ASTRO 65th Annual Meeting. (Justine Dupere, Class of 2024) 
  • Comparison of Model Type for QA of Organ at Risk Contours in Head and Neck Radiotherapy, AAPM 2023 65th Annual Meeting. (Jay Brooks, Class of 2024)
  • AI-Based Linear Energy Transfer Calculation for Proton Therapy, AAPM 2023 65th Annual Meeting. (Xueyan Tang, Class of 2025)
  • Retrospective Analysis of Replan Frequency and Causes in Esophageal Cancer Patients Treated with Spot Scanned Proton Therapy, 2022 ASTRO Annual Meeting. (Sharareh Fakhraei, Class of 2024)
  • A Multi-Institutional Multi-Platform Inter-Comparison of Dose Volume Histograms Construction Differences on Eight Commercial Treatment Planning and Dose Reporting Systems. AAPM 64th Annual Meeting. (Mark Pepin, Class of 2022)
  • Implementation of a Static and Dynamic MLC Model in a GPU-Accelerated Monte Carlo Engine. AAPM 64th Annual Meeting. (Eric Brost, Class of 2022)
  • Automatic Quantification of Organ at Risk Contour Overlap and Separation in Radiotherapy. AAPM 64th Annual Meeting. (Jamison Brooks, Class of 2024)
  • Dependence of LET-Enhancement on Patient-Specific Anatomy in Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy Treatment Planning for Rectal Cancer. AAPM 64th Annual Meeting. (Judith Rivera, Class of 2023)
  • Improving Brachytherapy Needle Ultrasound Conspicuity with an Echogenic Coating. ESTRO 2022. May 2022. (Eric Brost, Class of 2022)
  • A New Way to Visualize Needles for Ultrasound Prostate Brachytherapy Using Color Doppler and Needle Surface Modifications. ABS 2022 Annual Meeting. (Eric Brost, Class of 2022)
  • Machine-Learning Modeling of Patient-Reported Swallowing Dysfunction Using Dose to the Epiglottis and Pharyngeal Constrictors. AAPM 64th Annual Meeting. (Mark Pepin, Class of 2022)
  • A Framework for Exploring the Correlation Between Radiation-Induced Toxicities and Dosimetric Quantities. AAPM Virtual 63rd Annual Meeting. July 2021. (Abdou Abdel-Rehim, Class of 2022)
  • A GPU-Accelerated Monte Carlo Engine for Calculation of MLC-Collimated Electron Fields. AAPM Virtual 63rd Annual Meeting. July 2021. (Eric Brost, Class of 2022)
  • Robustness in Biological Dose-Guided IMPT Planning for Rectal Cancer Using a Monte Carlo-based Optimizer. AAPM Virtual 63rd Annual Meeting. July 2021. (Judith Rivera, Class of 2023)
  • Modeling Patient-Reported Swallowing Outcomes with Dose to the Epiglottis. ASTRO Annual Meeting 2021. (Mark Pepin, Class of 2022)

Publications 2025

  • Deufel CL, Dupere JM, Brost EE, Haddock MG, Garda AE. How accurate is applicator reconstruction in HDR gynecological brachytherapy? Patient-specific results from an electromagnetic tracking system designed to intercept errors before radiation delivery. Brachytherapy. 2025 Jun 7 Epub 2025 June 07. PMID: 40484786
  • Tang X, Tseung HWC, Pepin MD, Johnson JE, Moseley DJ, Routman DM, Qian J. Proton dose calculation with transformer: Transforming spot map to dose. Med Phys. 2025 Jun; 52 (6):4941-4952 Epub 2025 Mar 29. PMID: 40156258
  • Deufel CL, Brost EE, Dupere JM, Wilson JM, Waddle MR, Stish BJ. On the value of an EM tracking quality assurance system for pretreatment verification of needle digitization accuracy in ultrasound-based prostate HDR brachytherapy. Brachytherapy. 2025 May-Jun; 24 (3):450-460 Epub 2025 Feb 17. PMID: 39966072
  • Dupere JM, Breen WG, Lucido JJ, Remmes NB. Treatment of a Pregnant Patient With a Brain Tumor Using Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2025 Jan; 10(1):101673. Epub 2024 Nov 08. PMID: 3966010

Publications 2020-2024

  • Deufel CL, Brost EE, Dupere JM, Petersen IA, Haddock MG, Garda AE. EMVision: An electromagnetic tracking guidance system for accurate placement of interstitial brachytherapy applicators. Brachytherapy. 2024 Nov-Dec; 23 (6):676-686 Epub 2024 Oct 05. PMID: 39368901
  • Dupere JM, Brost EE, Hainy ME, Lee CU, Urban MW, Stish BJ, Deufel CL. Color VISION for improved ultrasound visualization of brachytherapy needles. Med Phys. 2024 Jun;51(6):4340-4350. doi: 10.1002/mp.17083. Epub 2024 Apr 17.PMID: 38629912 (Class of 2024)
  • Tang X, Wan Chan Tseung H, Moseley D, Zverovitch A, Hughes CO, George J, Johnson JE, Breen WG, Qian J. Deep learning based linear energy transfer calculation for proton therapy. Phys Med Biol. 2024 May 30; 69 (11). Phys Med Biol . 2024 May 30;69(11). PMID: 38714191 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad4844 (Class of 2025)
  • Deufel C, Dodoo C, Kavanaugh J, Finley R, Lang K, Sorenson K, Spreiter S, Brooks J, Moseley D, Ahmed SK, Haddock MG, Ma D, Park SS, Petersen IA, Owen DW, Grams MP. Automated target placement for VMAT lattice radiation therapy: enhancing efficiency and consistency. Phys Med Biol. 2024 Mar 18; 69 (7). PMID: 38422544 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad2ee8 (Class of 2024)
  • Tang X, Deisher AJ, Mundy DW, Kruse JJ, Mahajan A, Qian J, Johnson JE. Optimizing Gantry Breakpoint Angles in Proton Therapy: Enhancing Efficiency and Patient Experience. Int J Part Ther. 2024 Mar; 11:100007 Epub 2024 Apr 20. PMCID: PMC11095102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpt.2024.03.001 (Class of 2025)
  • Dupere JM, Lucido JJ, Breen WG, Mahajan A, Stafford SL, Bradley TB, Blackwell CR, Remmes NB. Pencil Beam Scanning Proton Therapy for Pregnant Patients With Brain and Head and Neck Cancers. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2024 Mar 1; 118 (3):853-858 Epub 2023 Nov 07. PMID: 37820769 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.09.040 (Class of 2024)
  • Brooks J, Tryggestad E, Anand A, Beltran C, Foote R, Lucido JJ, Laack NN, Routman D, Patel SH, Seetamsetty S, Moseley D.. Knowledge-based quality assurance of a comprehensive set of organ at risk contours for head and neck radiotherapy. Front Oncol. 2024; 14:1295251 Epub 2024 Feb 29. PMID: 38487718. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1295251 (Class of 2024)
  • Lucido JJ, Penoncello GP, Laughlin BS, Armstrong MD, Lo SG, Rivera JN, Tang X, Chungbin SJ, Breen WG, Mangold AR, Comfere NI, Lester SC, Rule WG, Deufel CL, Foster MG. Development and Dosimetric Characterization of a Customizable Shield for Subtotal Skin Electron Beam Therapy. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2023 Nov-Dec; 8 (6):101289 Epub 2023 June 14. PMID: 37457824 doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2023.101289. (Rivera, Class of 2023; Tang, Class of 2025)
  • Dupere JM, Brost EE, Uthamaraj S, Lee CU, Urban MW, Stish BJ, Deufel CL. A new way to visualize prostate brachytherapy needles using ultrasound color Doppler and needle surface modifications. Brachytherapy. 2023 Nov-Dec; 22 (6):761-768 Epub 2023 Aug 30 PMID: 37652777 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2023.07.002 (Class of 2024)

Publications 2020-2024 (continued)

  • Pepin MD, Pennocello GP, Brom KM, Gustafson JM, Long KM, Rong Y, Fong de Los Santos LE, Shiraishi S. Assessment of dose-volume histogram precision for five clinical systems. Med Phys. 2022 Aug 9 Epub 2022 Aug 09. PMID: 35943829 DOI: 10. 1002/mp. 15916. (Class of 2022)
  • Hu YH, Wan Chan Tseung HS, Mundy DW. Physical characterization of therapeutic proton delivery through common dental materials. Med Phys. 2022 May; 49 (5): 2904-2913 Epub 2022 Mar 21 PMID: 35276753 doi: 10.1002/MP. 15602. (Class of 2021)
  • Brost EE, Wan Chan Tseung H, Antolak JA. A fast GPU-accelerated Monte Carlo engine for calculation of MLC-collimated electron fields. Med Phys. 2022 Aug 20 [Epub ahead of print] PMID 35986907 DOI: 10. 1002/mp. 15938 (Class of 2022)
  • Hu YH, Harper RH, Deiter NC, Evans JD, Mahajan A, Kruse JJ, Mundy DW. Analysis of the Rate of Re-planning in Spot-Scanning Proton Therapy. Int J Part Ther. 2022 Fall; 9 (2): 49-58 Epub 2022 June 28. PMID: 36060413 PMCID: 9415746 DOI: 10. 14338/IJPT-21-00043.1 (Class of 2021)
  • Hu YH, Hickling SV, Qian J, Blackwell CR, McLemore LB, Tryggestad EJ. Characterization and commissioning of a Leksell Gamma Knife ICON system for framed and frameless stereotactic radiosurgery. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2022 Mar; 23 (3): e13475 Epub 2022. Jan 22. PMID: 35064749 PMCID: 8906202 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13475 (Class of 2021)
  • S. Hickling, A. Veres, D. Moseley, M. Grams. Implementation of free breathing respiratory amplitude gated treatments. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2021 Jun;22(6):119-129. doi: 10.1002/acm2.13253. Epub 2021 May 13. PMCID: PMC8200514 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13253 (Class of 2021)
  • Deufel CL, Dalvin LA, Qian J, Vaishnav B, Cutsinger JM, Wittich MN, Petersen IA. How to design, fabricate, and validate a customized COMS-style eye plaque: Illustrated with a narrow-slotted plaque example. Brachytherapy. 2021 Jun 30 Epub 2021 June 30. PMID: 34217602 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2021.04.0001 (Qian, Class of 2021; Vaishnav, Class of 2020)
  • Howard ME, Denbeigh JM, Debrot EK, Garcia DA, Remmes NB, Herman MG, Beltran CJ. Dosimetric assessment of a high precision system for mouse proton irradiation to assess spinal cord toxicity. Radiat Res. 2021 Jun 1; 195(6):541-548. PMID: 33826742 DOI: 10.1667/RADE-20-00153.1 (Class of 2020)
  • Dougherty JM, Castillo E, Castillo R, Faught AM, Pepin M, Park SS, Beltran CJ, Guerrero T, Grills I, Vinogradskiy Y. Functional avoidance-based intensity modulated proton therapy with 4DCT derived ventilation imaging for lung cancer. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2021 Jul; 22 (7):276-285 Epub 2021 June 22. PMCID: PMC8292710 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13323 (Class of 2022)
  • Qian J, Herman MG, Brinkmann DH, Laack NN, Kemp BJ, Hunt CH, Lowe V, Pafundi DH. Prediction of MGMT Status for Glioblastoma Patients Using Radiomics Feature Extraction From (18)F-DOPA-PET Imaging. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2020 Dec 1: 108 (5):1339-1346. PMID: 32634544 PMCID: 7680434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.06.073 (Class of 2021)
  • Jeans EB, Hu YH, Stish BJ, King B, Davis M, Harmsen WS, Fruth KM, Locher SE, Deufel CL, Evans JD, Martenson JA, Lester SC. Low-Dose Hypofractionated Total Skin Electron Beam Therapy for Adult Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma. Pract Radiat Oncol. 2020 Nov - Dec; 10 (6):e529-e537 Epub 2020 Aug 08. PMCID: PMC7414776 DOI: 10.1016/J.PRRO.2020.08.001 (Class of 2021)
  • Howard ME, Denbeigh JM, Debrot EK, Remmes NB, Herman MG, Beltran CJ. A high precision method for in vitro proton irradiation. Int J Part Ther. 2020 Fall; 7 (2):62-69. PMID: 33274258 PMCID 7707323 DOI: 10.14338/IJPT-20-00007.1 (Class of 2020)
  • El-Sherif O, Remmes NB, Kruse JJ. Validating robotic couch isocentricity with 3D surface imaging. J Appl Clin Med Phys. 2020 Jun 15 Epub 2020 June 15 PMID: 32542911 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.12939 (Class of 2019)
  • Kamal Sayed Abdalghaffar H, Herman MG, Beltran CJ.  A Pareto-based beam orientation optimization method for spot scanning intensity-modulated proton therapy. Med Phys. 2020 Jun; 47 (5):2049-2060 Epub 2020 Mar 13 PMID: 32077497 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14096 (Class of 2020)
  • Howard ME, Herman MG, Grams MP.  Methodology for radiochromic film analysis using FilmQA Pro and ImageJ. PLoS One. 2020; 15 (5):e0233562 Epub 2020 May 21 PMID: 32437474 PMCID: 7241712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233562  (Class of 2020)
  • Tryggestad EJ, Liu W, Pepin MD, Hallemeier CL, Sio TT. Managing treatment-related uncertainties in proton beam radiotherapy for gastrointestinal cancers. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2020 Feb; 11 (1):212-224. PMCID: PMC7052758 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2019.11.07 (Class of 2022)
  • Emily J Smith, Erik J Tryggestad, Brett L Carlson, Matthew C Walb, Jann N Sarkaria. Imaging and Dosimetry Study of Inter-fraction Setup Error in a Murine Xenograft Flank Tumor Radiation Model. Radiat Res. 2020 Feb; 193(2):161-170. PMCID: PMC7079167 DOI: 10.1667/RR15526.1 (Class of 2019)
  • Deufel CL, Tian S, Yan BB, Vaishnav BD, Haddock MG, Petersen IAAutomated applicator digitization for high-dose-rate cervix brachytherapy using image thresholding and density-based clustering. Brachytherapy. Jan-Feb 2020;19(1):111-118. (Class of 2020)